John Beirne works in ADB’s Macroeconomics Research Division. Specializing in international finance and macroeconomics, he has over 20 years of professional experience as an economist, including more than a decade in central banking. Prior to joining ADB, he was Vice-Chair of Research and a Senior Fellow at the ADB Institute in Japan, where he co-headed the Research Department. Previously, he was Senior Economist at the European Central Bank (ECB) in Germany. Earlier in his career, he worked in academia and the private sector in the UK and Ireland. John’s research and policy work focuses on exchange rates, commodities, financial crisis and contagion, capital flow management, and monetary policy transmission. He has published widely in journals, and is a frequent contributor to the media on global macro issues. He holds a PhD in Economics from Brunel University London.