Gemma Estrada

Senior Economics Officer, Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department, ADB

For 10 years, Gemma has been involved in the publication of the Asian Development Outlook and helped produce its thematic chapters, including structural change, old-age security, inclusive fiscal policy, financial development, and the middle-income challenge. Currently, she is involved in the publication of the Asian Development Review.

A more volatile global economic landscape has left individual economies more vulnerable to external shocks.

The Global Financial Crisis and Middle-Income Countries

To withstand external shocks and sustain growth, middle-income countries need to get the basics right on manufacturing, currency management, and education.

Donghyun Park, Shu Tian, Gemma Estrada, Yothin Jinjarak